此问题与著名的千禧年大奖数学问题(Millennium Prize Problems)密切相关。 2000年5月24日,美国的 Clay Mathematical Institute 发布了7个千禧年大奖问题。其中之一是关于Navier-Stokes方程。Clay Institute 在其网页上用简短生动的语言介绍了这一问题
Waves follow our boat
as we meander across the lake, and turbulent air currents follow our flight in
a modern jet. Mathematicians and physicists believe that an explanation for and
the prediction of both the breeze and the turbulence can be found through an
understanding of solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations. Although these
equations were written down in 19th Century, our understanding of them remains
minimal. The challenge is to make substantial progress toward a mathematical
theory which will unlock the secrets hidden in the Navier-Stokes equations.
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Gollub, Chaotic particle transport in time-dependent Rayleigh-Benard
convection , Physical Review A. Vol.38 No. 12, (1988) 6280-6286
[2] S. Wiggins, The dynamical systems approach to Lagrangian transport in
oceanic flows, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 37, (2005) 295–328.
[3] N. Malhotra and S. Wiggins, Geometric Structures, Lobe Dynamics, and
Lagrangian Transport in Flows with Aperiodic Time-Dependence, with Applications
to Rossby Wave Flow,J. Nonlinear Sci. Vol. 8: pp. 401–456 (1998)